Which of the following best describes cognitive learning theory?

Cognitive learning theory primarily focuses on the processes involved in learning and understanding. It emphasizes how individuals acquire, process, and store information. Problem solving and decision making are essential components of this theory, as it examines how learners actively engage with material, use reasoning, and apply knowledge to overcome challenges. This theory suggests that learning is not merely a passive absorption of information but an active construction of knowledge through mental processes.

In contrast, skills acquisition through reinforcement relates more closely to behaviorist theories that emphasize external reinforcement to shape behavior rather than internal cognitive processes. Group collaboration for knowledge highlights the social aspects of learning, which may not necessarily align with the individual cognitive focus of cognitive learning theory. Emotional intelligence development, while important, pertains to understanding and managing emotions rather than the cognitive processes central to learning and thinking. Therefore, problem solving and decision making encapsulate the essence of cognitive learning theory, making it the best description among the provided options.