Which learning theory asserts that behaviors are acquired through conditioning?

Behavior learning theory is focused on the idea that behaviors are learned through conditioning, which is the process of associating a stimulus with a response. This theory is grounded in the work of psychologists like B.F. Skinner and Ivan Pavlov, who demonstrated how observable behaviors can be influenced through reinforcement or punishment.

In this context, conditioning refers to two main types: classical conditioning, where learning occurs through associations between stimuli, and operant conditioning, where behaviors are shaped through rewards or consequences. As a result, behavior learning theory emphasizes the importance of the environment in shaping behavior and the role of external factors in the learning process.

The other theories mentioned do not focus on conditioning in the same way. For instance, cognitive learning theory emphasizes mental processes and internal understanding rather than just observable behaviors. Humanistic learning theory is centered around individual personal growth and self-directed learning, while constructivist learning theory revolves around learners constructing their own understanding and knowledge through experiences. Thus, behavior learning theory is the correct choice for asserting that behaviors are acquired through conditioning.