In instructional design, what does scaffolding refer to?

Scaffolding in instructional design refers to the process of providing support to students to help them reach their learning objectives. This method acknowledges that learners may have varying levels of readiness and understanding, and it aims to bridge gaps in knowledge. By offering appropriate levels of assistance—whether through resources, guidance from instructors, collaborative learning opportunities, or feedback—scaffolding allows students to build on what they know and gradually take on more challenging tasks as their skills develop.

This supportive framework helps students to become more independent learners. As they progress and demonstrate greater competence, the support can be gradually withdrawn, similar to removing physical scaffolding from a building once it is structurally sound. This approach enhances engagement and encourages a deeper understanding of the material by promoting critical thinking and problem-solving skills in a gradual, supportive manner.